On Location
Recording on location means exactly as it sounds, it tends to be a location that isnt specialised for sound optimisation so there are certain things you can use to get the best out of the audio, as you may have atmospheric noise such as wind or electrics which can be picked up on the microphone.In television, like interviews or on the news which may be filmed outside where there is a strong or noticable wind, a wind screen may be used to block the microphone from the wind. this makes the recording all that much clearer but the microphone may still be subjected to rebounded wind from the screen, so a Cover for the microphone also known as a 'Deadcat' muffles out this wind. The Deadcat also softens out sharp noises
One of the main disadvantages of recording on location is that the audio wont be 100% clear and will have to be recorded there on the spot if its live news or an interview, so alot of preperation is needed and because its in an uncontrolled environment, anything can happen..
Recording audio on location is normally conventional for live newscasts, documentarys, reality shows and a few others.
In A Studio
In a studio the sound is more preserved and clear because of the confined space, there is no need for wind screens or any atmospheric cancelling equipment. Recording in a studio is often more optimal for Tv shows that dont tend to be live, as the audio can be recorded again and clearer.the disadvantage fo recording in a studio is that you lose all the natural background sound which may be desirable in some productions. however with post preduction editing you can add 'Atmos'.
The only source of sound protection that can be seen used in studio frequently is a 'pop guard' this gets rid all of the hard pronounciations like sharp 'Ps, Bs Ds'. without the pop guard there tends to be a popping noise being recorded and is either distracting or unwanted.
Recording in a studio often goes for such things like voice overs, game shows, presentations and dialogue scenes.
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